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Moving - Culpeper County, Virginia
Historic Culpeper County, VA, is a
beautiful small town in Maryland. Are you planning a move
in or out of Culpeper County, VA, soon? If you are,
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We hope you will enjoy reading about
Culpeper County, VA, in the brief history we have included.
A Brief History of Culpeper County,
Virginia
Culpeper County was cut off from Orange
by an Act of the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1748,
effective May 17, 1749, when the first county court
convened. The original territory included what is now
Culpeper, Madison (cut off from Culpeper in 1792), and
Rappahannock (cut off in 1831).
Culpeper is a granddaughter of
Spotsylvania County, from which Orange was formed in 1734,
and great-granddaughter of Essex, from which Spotsylvania
was taken in 1720. The county was named for Lord Thomas
Culpeper, Colonial Governor of Virginia, 1680-83. He
inherited his rights from his father, Lord John Culpeper, to
whom King Charles II had given a large land grant.
Lord Thomas Culpeper's holdings,
including all of the Northern Neck territory, were inherited
by his daughter, Catherine, who married Lord Thomas Fairfax.
Their son, the sixth Lord Fairfax, inherited the property
and it was for him that the town of Culpeper, first called
Fairfax, was named. Lord Fairfax's Virginia estate,
comprising 5,282,000 acres, was confiscated by the
colonists when the Revolutionary War began.
Lord Fairfax was the patron of young
George Washington and engaged him at age 16 to survey his
property in this area. In July, 1749, George Washington
Gent., then 17, was commissioned by the College of William
and Mary as surveyor for the new county of Culpeper. Roger
Dixon was the first clerk of the court and served 23 years.
In the Culpeper Courthouse, on Oct. 21,
1765, 16 of the 20 members of the County Court of Culpeper,
holding commissions as Justices of the Peace from King
George III, resigned and relinquished their commissions in
protest of the Stamp Act. Nine years later, the citizens of
Culpeper held a mass meeting, fiercely condemned the British
Parliament, and pledged themselves to defend their rights
with their "lives and fortunes".
At the Virginia convention held May,
1775, in Richmond, the colony was divided into 16 districts
and each district instructed to raise the discipline a
battalion of men "to march at a minute's notice". Culpeper,
Fauquier, and Orange, forming one district, raised a cadre
of 350 men called the Culpeper Minute Men. Organized July
17, 1775, under a large oak tree in "Clayton's old field"
(later known as Catalpa Farm), the Minute Men took part in
the Battle of Great Bridge, the first Revolutionary battle
on Virginia soil. The Culpeper Minute Men flag is inscribed
with the words, "Liberty or Death" and "Don't Tread on Me".
In 1860 the Culpeper Minute Men were
reorganized under the rattlesnake flag. The company's staff
was organized under the same oak tree where the Minute Men
of 1775 were formed. When war came the men were mustered in
under Co. B, 13th Infantry. Other Culpeper companies
organized for Confederate service were the Little Fork
Rangers and Brandy Rifles.
A great deal of action took place in the
county during the war, and several battles - notably Cedar
Mountain and Brandy Station - and engagements were fought on
Culpeper soil. Both armies marched through, fought, and
camped in the county repeatedly during the four-year
struggle. During the winter of 1863-64, Grant's Army of
100,000 men camped within its borders.
The Culpeper Minute Men were again
mustered into service for the Spanish-American War but did
not see active duty. In World War I the Minute Men company
lost its identity as it was absorbed in the 116th Infantry,
29th Division.
The first railroad - the Orange and
Alexandria - came to the county in 1852; first telephone,
1894.
In 1871, the first public school (one
room) in the county was organized. School enrollment for the
1972-73 year was 4,765.

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